Information About Low Cloud Amount Recorded in δ~(13)C Series of Tree Ring Cellulose of Pinus Koraiensis in Antu Area, Jilin     

徐海  洪业汤  朱咏喧  刘广深 《中国地球化学学报》2003,(1)

Information About Low Cloud Amount Recorded in δ~(13)C Series of Tree Ring Cellulose of Pinus Koraiensis in Antu Area, Jilin@徐海$Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences! Guiyang 550002, China @洪业汤$Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences!Guiyang 550002, China @朱咏喧$Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences!Beijing 100039, China @刘广深$Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences!Beijing 100039, China~~~~…  相似文献   

New insights into the origin and migration of brines in deep Devonian aquifers, Alberta, Canada     

Karsten Michael  Hans G. Machel  Stefan Bachu 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2003,80(2-3):193-219

Analysis of hydraulic heads and chemical compositions of Devonian formation waters in the west central part of the Alberta Basin, Canada, characterizes the origin of formation waters and migration of brines. The Devonian succession in the study area lies 2000–5000 m below the ground surface, and has an approximate total thickness of 1000 m and an average slope of 15 m/km. Four Devonian aquifers are present in the study area, which form two aquifer systems [i.e., a Middle–Upper Devonian aquifer system (MUDAS) consisting of the Elk Point and Woodbend–Beaverhill Lake aquifers, and an Upper Devonian aquifer system (UDAS) consisting of the Winterburn and Wabamun aquifers]. The Ireton is an effective aquitard between these two systems in the eastern parts of the study area. The entire Devonian succession is confined below by efficient aquitards of the underlying Cambrian shales and/or the Precambrian basement, and above by overlying Carboniferous shales of the Exshaw and Lower Banff Formations.The formation water chemistry shows that the Devonian succession contains two distinct brine types: a ‘heavy brine,’ located updip, defined approximately by TDS >200 g/l, and a ‘light brine’ with TDS <200 g/l. Hydraulic head distributions suggest that, presently, the ‘light brine’ attempts to flow updip, thereby pushing the ‘heavy brine’ ahead. The interface between the two brines is lobate and forms large-scale tongues that are due to channeled flow along high-permeability pathways. Geological and hydrogeochemical data suggest that the following processes determined the present composition of the ‘light’ and ‘heavy’ brines: original seawater, evaporation beyond gypsum but below halite saturation, dolomitization, clay dehydration, gypsum dewatering, thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR), and halite dissolution. The influx of meteoric (from the south) and metamorphic (from the west) waters can be recognized only in the ‘light brine.’ Albitization can be unequivocally identified only in the ‘heavy brine.’ The ‘heavy brine’ may be residual Middle Devonian evaporitic brine from the Williston Basin or the Elk Point Basin, or it may have originated from partial dissolution of thick, laterally extensive Middle Devonian evaporite deposits to the east of the study area. The ‘light brine’ most probably originated from dilution of ‘heavy brine’ in post-Laramide times.  相似文献   

城市大气气溶胶细粒子的化学成分及其来源   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

于凤莲 《气象》2002,28(11):3-6

大气气溶胶细颗粒物（PM10、PM2．5）是近年来大气气溶胶研究的热点。细粒子中含有多种化学元素与化合物。细粒子中的化学成分随时空变化而变化。细粒子主要来自车辆尾气、化石、油料及生物质燃料燃烧等人为排放源和二次污染。  相似文献   

内蒙古大井矿床中银矿物的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王玉往  王京彬等 《地质论评》2002,48(5):526-533

本文总结了内蒙古大井矿床中银矿物的类型，产出特征以及矿物命名的问题，详细描述了黝铜矿族，浓红银矿，脆银矿，自然银以及含银的铅－铋（锑）硫盐类矿物等主要银矿物的产出状态和化学成分特征，并讨论了相应的形成条件，同时指出本区银矿物主要形成于两个矿化阶段，即：早期黄铜矿－黄铁矿阶段，主要形成了黝铜矿族的含银矿物以及辉锑银矿，硫锑铜银矿等含铜的硫盐类矿物，晚期方铅矿－闪锌矿阶段，形成的银矿物种类较为繁杂，除形成黝铜矿族矿物外，多数含铅，铋的硫盐矿物以及自然银、硫化物和浓红银矿、脆银矿等无铜的简单硫盐等均是在这一阶段形成。  相似文献   

兰坪盆地大型矿集区多金属矿床的铅同位素组成及铅的来源   总被引：20，自引：3，他引：20  

张乾  邵树勋  刘家军  刘志浩 《矿物学报》2002,22(2):147-154

滇西兰坪中、新生代陆相分地中蕴藏有金顶超大型铅锌矿床、白秧坪大型银矿床及羊拉、金满等一系列大、中型铜矿床，矿点、矿化点星罗棋布，为一成矿时代新、矿床规模大、矿床种类丰富的大型矿集区。分布于盆地边缘的矿床与火山活动有一定关系，盆地内部的矿床产于中、新生代沉积岩中。铜矿床沿澜沧江深大断裂带东侧分布，向东至盆地中部，为铅锌银分布区，再向东出现汞锑砷矿化。该矿集区不同矿床的铅同位素组成及铅的来源，可分为三种类型，（1）金顶超大型铅锌矿床以具有低同痊素比值的铅为主，铅的主体来源相当于下地壳铅，整个矿床的铅为下地壳铅与盆地沉积岩铅的混合铅；（2）金满铜矿床及盆增内其它铜铅锌矿床的铅来自盆地沉积岩；（3）位于盆地边缘的着拉铜矿床，早期热水沉积成矿阶段铅的来源与二迭系玄武岩铅一致，为幔源铅，晚期热液成矿阶段铅来自地壳重熔岩浆作用。  相似文献   

中国区域空气污染本底站的降水化学特征   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

杨东贞  周怀刚等 《应用气象学报》2002,13(4):430-439

分析了3个代表不同背景特征的WMO（世界气象组织）区域本底空气污染站黑龙江五常县龙凤山本底站，北京密云县古北口上甸子本底站和浙江临安本底站的降水化学特征。分析内容为降水的pH值和SO₄2-、NO₃-、Cl-、F-、NH₄+、K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+诸离子的浓度。结果表明，降水pH值和SO₄2-、NO₃-、NH₄+、Ca2+具有年际变化和年变化的特征，但其变化趋势各站及各要素不尽一致。离子Cl-、F-、K+、Na+、Mg2+浓度偏低，变化不明显。就多年平均而言，临安站的pH值为3站最低，SO₄2-为最高。上甸子除了SO₄2-浓度次于临安外，其余所有离子浓度均为3站之首，而且pH值也为3站最高。龙凤山除了降水中的Ca2+、Mg2+离子浓度略高于临安外，其它各离子的浓度是3站中最低，pH值在3站中的位置居中。降水化学特征演变趋势为:3个站的降水皆呈酸性，其中临安最严重，龙凤山其次，上甸子相对轻一些，但其酸化的速率为3站之首。  相似文献   

山西省地震局专业技术人员队伍结构现状分析与培养对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李俊拴 《山西地震》2002,(3):38-42

对山西省地震局专业技术人员的知识结构、人才结构现状进行了分析 ,指出目前专业技术人员队伍存在的主要问题是整体文化程度偏低 ,专业结构不太合理 ,地质、测量和物理探矿等专业人才相对缺乏 ,整体科技能力有待加强等。论述了人才培养的重要性和紧迫性 ,提出了专业技术人员队伍结构优化和人才培养的对策  相似文献   

Geology and characterisation of the Pecket coal deposit, Magellan Region, Chile     

E. Hidalgo  S. Helle  G. Alfaro  U. Kelm 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2002,48(3-4)

The geology, petrography and chemical variation of the Pecket coal sequence, Magellan Region (52°57′S, 71°10′W), the only Chilean coal used for electricity generation on a large scale, has been studied in order to predict their combustion behaviour, especially in coal blends. The depositional environment of formation of the coal seams was a swamp rarely exposed to subaerial conditions and was associated with the development of the folded foreland of the Magellan basin during the Tertiary (Oligo–Miocene). The general tectonic regime of the collision of the Antarctic and South American plates is reflected by a system of joints with 40°N–50°W strike. The maceral composition of all six seams studied indicates high contents of vitrinite (>90%), minor content of liptinite (4.7%) and inertinite (<2%). Occurrence of tonstein horizons altered to kaolinite indicates a distal volcanism during peat accumulation. Coal rank varies between lignite and subbituminous (Ro=0.28–0.42%) with an average dry basis calorific value of 5450 kcal/kg, 17 wt.% moisture, 41 wt.% volatile matter, and sulphur content below 0.5 wt.%. The mineral matter (LTA) associated with the coal shows a dominance of kaolinite with quartz, smectite, and minor basanite. SiO₂/Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃/CaO ratios of the ashes diminish towards the lower seams. With respect to the utilisation of Pecket coals in combustion, base/acid ratios (B/A) and silica ratios (SR) indicate potential fouling for seams 1, 2, 5, and 6i, with high fouling indexes (Rf) for seams 2 and 5. Pecket coal is excellent for blend combustion due to its low sulphur content.  相似文献   

城市灰尘粒径组成及环境效应—以西安市为例   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

杜佩轩  田晖  韩永明  杜建波  刘健 《岩石矿物学杂志》2002,21(1):93-98

以西安市为例，不同粒径城市灰尘质量分数分别为：大于20目基本为零；20－30目占13．54％；30－50目占23．00％；50－80目占14．04％；80－100目占10．40％；100－120目占5．52％；120－140目占3．02％；140－160目占7．90％；160－180目占1．74％；180－200目占7．52％；小于200目占11．98％。灰尘粒径基本都小于1mm，很容易在外力作用下扬起、沉降、扬起、沉降往复交替循环，形成大气颗粒污染物，对人体和环境造成严重危害。  相似文献   

西昆仑南带斜长角闪岩中方柱石的形成与流体挥发分的作用     

任留东  高岩 《岩石矿物学杂志》2002,21(4):398-406

对西昆仑南带变基性岩矿物组合及矿物成分变化的研究结果表明，挥发分的种类和含量直接影响到变基性岩矿物组合和矿物成分，如角闪石、黑云母、方柱石、磷灰石和榍石；方柱石并非如有人总结的那洋没有出溶现象，实际上其自身亦可沿{100}析离出黄铁矿晶体，所含硫的赋存状态很可能是S^2-，而不是SO4^2-；方柱石是早期（高温）变质过程中部分挥发分（如Cl、CO3^2-、S^2-）的存储器，晚期剪切变形降温和/或降压时挥发分释出，伴随的流体作用可形成金属硫化物，并可能导致矿化。  相似文献